附录 A Erlang 语法参考

这部分语法参考是 LALR 语法的改编版本。

此语法和严格的 LALR 语法对 match_expr 有不同理解。 match_expr 中等号左边可以是一个模式或者表达式, Erlang 编译器会在语义分析时确定其含义。

类型 优先级 运算符
Nonassoc 0 'catch'.
Right 200 '='.
Right 200 '!'.
Left 300 add op.
Left 400 mult op.
Nonassoc 500 prefix op.

编号 非终结符 表达式
1 add op := "+" | "-" | "bor" | "bxor" | "bsl" | "bsr"
2 comp_op := "==" | "/=" | "=<" | "<" | ">=" | ">" | "=:=" | "=/="
3 mult_op := "*" | "/" | "div" | "rem" | "band"
4 prefix_op := "+" | "-" | "bnot"
5 basic_type := "atom" | "number" | "string" | "var" | "true"
6 pattern := basic_type | pattern_list | pattern_tuple
7 pattern_list := "[" "]" | "[" pattern pattern tail "]"
8 pattern_tail := "|" pattern | "," pattern pattern_tail | ε
9 pattern_tuple := "{" "}" | "{" patterns "}"
10 patterns := pattern | pattern "," patterns
11 expr := basic_type | list | tuple | function_call | expr add op expr | expr mult_op expr | prefix_op expr | "(" expr ")" | "begin" exprs "end" | "catch" expr | case_expr | if_expr | receive_expr | match_expr | send expr
12 list := "[" "]" | "[" expr expr_tail "]"
13 expr_tail := "|" expr | "," expr expr_tail | ε
14 tuple := "{" "}" | "{" exprs "}"
15 function_call := "atom" "(" parameter_list ")" | "atom" ":" "atom" "(" parameter_list ")"
16 parameter_list := exprs | ε
17 case_expr := "case" expr "of" cr_clauses "end"
18 cr_clause := pattern clause_guard clause_body
19 cr_clauses := cr_clause | cr_clause ";" cr_clauses
20 if_expr := "if" if_clauses "end"
21 if_clause := guard clause_body
22 if_clauses := if_clause | if_clause ";" if_clauses
23 receive_expr := "receive" "after" expr clause_body "end" | "receive" cr_clauses "end" | "receive" cr_clauses "after" expr clause_body "end"
24 match_expr := expr "=" expr
25 send expr := expr "!" expr
26 exprs := expr | expr "," exprs
27 guard_expr := basic_type | guard_expr_list | guard_expr_tuple | guard_call | "(" guard_expr ")" | guard_expr add op guard_expr | guard_expr mult_op guard_expr | prefix_op guard_expr
28 guard_expr_list := "[" "]" | "[" guard_expr guard_expr_tail "]"
29 guard_expr_tail := "|" guard_expr | "," guard_expr guard_expr_tail | ε
30 guard_expr_tuple := "{" "}" | "{" guard_exprs "}"
31 guard_exprs := guard_expr | guard_expr "," guard_exprs
32 guard_call := "atom" "(" guard_parameter_list ")"
33 guard_parameter_list := guard_exprs | ε
34 bif_test := "atom" "(" guard_parameter_list ")"
35 guard_test := bif_test | guard_expr comp_op guard_expr
36 guard_tests := guard_test | guard_test "," guard_tests
37 guard := "true" | guard_tests
38 function_clause := clause_head clause_guard clause_body
39 clause_head := "atom" "(" formal parameter_list ")"
40 formal parameter_list := patterns | ε
41 clause_guard := "when" guard | ε
42 clause_body := "->" exprs
43 function := function_clause | function_clause ";" function
44 attribute := pattern | "[" farity_list "]" | "atom" "," "[" farity_list "]"
45 farity_list := farity | farity "," farity_list
46 farity := "atom" "/" "number"
47 form := "-" "atom" "(" attribute ")" | function

非终结符 编号
add_op *1 11 27
attribute *44 47
basic_type *5 6 11 27
bif_test *34 35
case_expr 11 *17
clause_body 18 21 23 38 *42
clause_guard 18 38 *41
clause_head 38 *39
comp_op *2 35
cr_clause *18 19
cr_clauses 17 *19 19 23
expr *11 11 12 13 17 23 24 25 26
expr_tail 12 *13 13
exprs 11 14 16 *26 26 42
farity 45 *46
farity_list 44 *45 45
form *47
formal_parameter_list 39 *40
function *43 43 47
function_call 11 *15
function_clause *38 43
guard 21 *37 41
guard_call 27 *32
guard_expr *27 27 28 29 31 35
guard_expr_list 27 *28
guard_expr_tail 28 *29 29
guard_expr_tuple 27 *30
guard_exprs 30 *31 31 33
guard_parameter_list 32 *33 34
guard_test *35 36
guard_tests *36 36 37
if_clause *21 22
if_clauses 20 *22 22
if_expr 11 *20
list 11 *12
match_expr 11 *24
mult_op *3 11 27
parameter_list 15 *16
pattern *6 7 8 10 18 44
pattern_list 6 *7
pattern_tail 7 *8 8
pattern_tuple 6 *9
patterns 9 *10 10 40
prefix_op *4 11 27
receive_expr 11 *23
send_expr 11 *25
tuple 11 *14

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附录 C 标准库

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